考博英语阅读理解若干篇篇章与问题 3

A）aresometimesill－conceivedB）canleadtodangerousresults
C）gobeyondavailablefactsD）requireefforttoformulate
14。Whatisamajorfunctionofhypothesesasimpliedinthelastparagraph7
A）Siftingthroughknownfacts。
B）Communicatingascientist’sthoughtstoothers。
C）Providingdirectionforscientificresearch。
D）Linkingtogetherdifferenttheories。
15。Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage？
A）Theoriesaresimplyimaginarymodelsofpastevents。
B）Itisbettertoreviseahypothesisthantorejectit。
C）Ascientist’smostdifficulttaskistestinghypotheses。
D）Agoodscientistneedstobecreative。
B）Educationsystemsneedtoberadicallyreformed。
C）Goingtoschoolisonlypartofhowpeoplebecomeeducated。
D）Educationinvolvesmanyyearsofprofessionaltraining。
20。Thepassageisorganizedby___
A）listinganddiscussingseveraleducationalproblems
B）contrastingthemeaningsoftworelatedconcepts
C）narratingastoryaboutexcellentteachers
D）givingexamplesofdifferentkindsofschools

Passage5
Thephrase"civildisobedience"isusuallyattributedtothenineteenth－centuryAmericanphilosopherHenryDavidThoreau。Althoughtheconceptisunquestionablymucholder（itsroots
lieinancientGreekphilosophy），thedesignationisnonethelesstelling：peopletendtocreditThoreau，anAmerican，withtheideabecausecivildisobedience，isahallmarkofAmericaneth－icsandpolitics。Theclashbetweenthedictatesofindividualconscienceononehand，andtheimperativesofcivillawontheother，formsmuchofthiscountry’shistory。ExamplesrangefromtheincidentsleadinguptotheRevolutionthroughthemanysocialprotestsofthe1960’S。
Whatconstitutesanactofcivildisobedience？First，anactofcivildisobediencerequiresaformallegalstructurethatisenforcedbythegovernment。Second，itrequiresasitstargetaspecificlaworpolicy，ratherthantheentirelegalsystem。Thisistrueeveniftheprotester’sul－timategoalistoalterradicallythelegalsystem;anactofcivildisobediencemustbedirectedagainstoneconcreteexampleofthatsystem’sinequities。TheAmericancivilrightsmovement，forexample，firsttargeteddiscriminationonpublictransportation，thenuseditsvictoriesasaspringboardtoaddressotherinjustices。Third，theactmustbedonepublicly，becausetheef－fectivenessofsuchaprotestdependsonitsabilitytomobilizepublicsentimentagainsttheprotest’starget。Finally，thoseprotestingmustunderstandthepenaltiestheiractsentail－－us－uallyjailing－－andbewillingtoacceptthosepenalties。Thislastrequirementstrengthenstheact’seffectonpublicopinion，sinceitservestounderscoretheinjusticeoftheprotest’starget。

21。Theword"telling"inthe2ndsentenceinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_____。
A）inappropriateB）revealingC）insignificantD）challenging
22。Inthepassage，theauthormentionsthatthecivilrightsmovement_______。
A）focuseditsearlyeffortsonpublictransportation
B）didnotalwayspracticecivildisobedience
C）startedinnineteenthcentury
D）usedtheRevolutionof1776asitsmodel
23。Accordingtothepassage，forwhichofthefollowingreasonsshouldcivilprotestsbedone
publicly？
A）Toalterthelegalsysteminradicalway。
B）Toupholdtheimperativesofcivillaw。
C）Tostimulatepublicsupportforacause。

发布者：ws2012

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