A)aresometimesill-conceivedB)canleadtodangerousresults
C)gobeyondavailablefactsD)requireefforttoformulate
14。Whatisamajorfunctionofhypothesesasimpliedinthelastparagraph7
A)Siftingthroughknownfacts。
B)Communicatingascientist’sthoughtstoothers。
C)Providingdirectionforscientificresearch。
D)Linkingtogetherdifferenttheories。
15。Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?
A)Theoriesaresimplyimaginarymodelsofpastevents。
B)Itisbettertoreviseahypothesisthantorejectit。
C)Ascientist’smostdifficulttaskistestinghypotheses。
D)Agoodscientistneedstobecreative。
B)Educationsystemsneedtoberadicallyreformed。
C)Goingtoschoolisonlypartofhowpeoplebecomeeducated。
D)Educationinvolvesmanyyearsofprofessionaltraining。
20。Thepassageisorganizedby___
A)listinganddiscussingseveraleducationalproblems
B)contrastingthemeaningsoftworelatedconcepts
C)narratingastoryaboutexcellentteachers
D)givingexamplesofdifferentkindsofschools
Passage5
Thephrase"civildisobedience"isusuallyattributedtothenineteenth-centuryAmericanphilosopherHenryDavidThoreau。Althoughtheconceptisunquestionablymucholder(itsroots
lieinancientGreekphilosophy),thedesignationisnonethelesstelling:peopletendtocreditThoreau,anAmerican,withtheideabecausecivildisobedience,isahallmarkofAmericaneth-icsandpolitics。Theclashbetweenthedictatesofindividualconscienceononehand,andtheimperativesofcivillawontheother,formsmuchofthiscountry’shistory。ExamplesrangefromtheincidentsleadinguptotheRevolutionthroughthemanysocialprotestsofthe1960’S。
Whatconstitutesanactofcivildisobedience?First,anactofcivildisobediencerequiresaformallegalstructurethatisenforcedbythegovernment。Second,itrequiresasitstargetaspecificlaworpolicy,ratherthantheentirelegalsystem。Thisistrueeveniftheprotester’sul-timategoalistoalterradicallythelegalsystem;anactofcivildisobediencemustbedirectedagainstoneconcreteexampleofthatsystem’sinequities。TheAmericancivilrightsmovement,forexample,firsttargeteddiscriminationonpublictransportation,thenuseditsvictoriesasaspringboardtoaddressotherinjustices。Third,theactmustbedonepublicly,becausetheef-fectivenessofsuchaprotestdependsonitsabilitytomobilizepublicsentimentagainsttheprotest’starget。Finally,thoseprotestingmustunderstandthepenaltiestheiractsentail--us-uallyjailing--andbewillingtoacceptthosepenalties。Thislastrequirementstrengthenstheact’seffectonpublicopinion,sinceitservestounderscoretheinjusticeoftheprotest’starget。
21。Theword"telling"inthe2ndsentenceinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_____。
A)inappropriateB)revealingC)insignificantD)challenging
22。Inthepassage,theauthormentionsthatthecivilrightsmovement_______。
A)focuseditsearlyeffortsonpublictransportation
B)didnotalwayspracticecivildisobedience
C)startedinnineteenthcentury
D)usedtheRevolutionof1776asitsmodel
23。Accordingtothepassage,forwhichofthefollowingreasonsshouldcivilprotestsbedone
publicly?
A)Toalterthelegalsysteminradicalway。
B)Toupholdtheimperativesofcivillaw。
C)Tostimulatepublicsupportforacause。
发布者:ws2012
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